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Understanding National Insurance Changes and Income Tax Rises in the UK

Chris White • January 6, 2024

National Insurance: What's Changing and How Taxation is Evolving

National Insurance payments in the UK are undergoing significant shifts, impacting millions of employees and self-employed individuals. This change involves a reduction in National Insurance contributions for employees, while the overall tax burden is increasing to unprecedented levels.


Changes in National Insurance Contributions for Employees

Starting January 6th, 27 million employees will witness a decrease in their National Insurance contributions to 10% on earnings between £12,571 and £50,270. This replaces the previous rate of 12%, offering an approximate annual benefit of £450 for someone earning an average full-time wage of £35,000.


Impact on Self-Employed Individuals

For the UK's two million self-employed individuals, changes are also underway. Commencing April 6, 2024, they will pay 8% on profits between £12,571 and £50,270, down from 9%. Moreover, the elimination of Class 2 contributions is expected to save the average self-employed person £192 annually.


Threshold Freeze and Rising Taxation

While these changes bring benefits for some, there's a freeze on the income level triggering NI payments at £12,570 until 2028. As wages escalate, this freeze means more individuals will enter the NI contribution bracket. Simultaneously, thresholds for income tax remain stagnant until 2028, leading to an increase in the number of taxpayers and higher tax rates.

This freeze is estimated to bring in an additional £25.5 billion yearly by 2027-28, resulting in an average direct tax increase of £440 annually for employees earning £35,000, according to the Institute for Fiscal Studies.


Diverse Tax Rates and Regional Variances

Income tax rates vary across the UK, with Scotland introducing its unique set of rates. From April 2024, Scotland will implement revised rates impacting various income brackets.


Impact on Households and Tax Distribution

While income tax stands as the primary tax for most families, indirect taxes such as VAT affect poorer households more significantly. Understanding these changes is crucial for a comprehensive view of how taxation evolves and impacts different segments of society.


Stay informed and make calculated financial decisions in light of these evolving tax reforms.

By Chris White January 17, 2025
MTD ITSA FAQ – Everything You Need to Know
By Chris White January 17, 2025
Making Tax Digital for Income Tax Self Assessment (MTD ITSA) is a major shift in the way self-employed individuals and landlords in the UK manage and report their taxes. This government initiative aims to modernize the tax system, reducing errors and streamlining the process. If you’re self-employed or a landlord, MTD ITSA will affect how you record your income and file tax returns. Here’s everything you need to know about what it is, how it will impact you, and how to prepare for the change. What Is MTD ITSA? MTD ITSA stands for Making Tax Digital for Income Tax Self Assessment . It builds on the government’s Making Tax Digital initiative, which is already in place for VAT. MTD ITSA focuses on digitizing how self-employed individuals and landlords report their income tax. Under MTD ITSA, you’ll need to: Keep digital records of your income and expenses. Submit quarterly updates to HMRC using MTD-compatible software. File an End of Period Statement (EOPS) and a Final Declaration to confirm your annual income and tax obligations. Who Does MTD ITSA Apply To? MTD ITSA will roll out in phases: April 2026 : Applies to self-employed individuals and landlords with an annual income exceeding £50,000. April 2027 : Expands to those earning between £30,000 and £50,000 annually. Future plans for individuals earning below £30,000 are still under consultation, so it’s essential to stay updated. How Will MTD ITSA Affect You? Digital Record-Keeping If you currently use spreadsheets or paper records, you’ll need to switch to MTD-compatible software to maintain digital records. Quarterly Reporting Instead of submitting one annual Self Assessment tax return, you’ll file four quarterly updates summarizing your income and expenses. End-of-Year Submissions You’ll still finalize your accounts at year-end, but the process will be streamlined with digital tools. More Transparency With quarterly updates, you’ll have a clearer view of your tax obligations, reducing surprises at year-end. What Do You Need to Do to Prepare for MTD ITSA? Check if MTD ITSA Applies to You Review your annual self-employment or rental income to determine when you’ll need to comply. Choose MTD-Compatible Software Popular options include QuickBooks, Xero, and FreeAgent. We can help you select and set up the right software for your business. Organize Your Records Ensure your income and expenses are up to date and transition from paper records to digital systems. Learn the New Process Understand how to submit quarterly updates, End of Period Statements, and the Final Declaration. Seek Professional Advice Navigating MTD ITSA can be challenging, especially if you’re new to digital accounting. A trusted bookkeeper can guide you through the process and ensure you remain compliant. How CW Licensed Bookkeeper & Accountant Can Help At CW Licensed Bookkeeper & Accountant, we understand that MTD ITSA can feel overwhelming. That’s why we’re here to make the transition as smooth as possible. Here’s how we can support you: Tailored Advice We’ll help you understand how MTD ITSA impacts your specific situation and create a plan to ensure compliance. Software Setup and Training We’ll assist in choosing, setting up, and training you on the best MTD-compatible software for your needs. Quarterly Reporting Support Let us handle your quarterly updates to HMRC so you can focus on running your business. Year-End Submissions From the End of Period Statement to the Final Declaration, we’ll ensure your year-end reporting is accurate and timely. Ongoing Support We’re here to answer questions, provide troubleshooting, and keep you on track with MTD requirements.  Get Ready for MTD ITSA Today! MTD ITSA is a significant change, but you don’t have to navigate it alone. With CW Licensed Bookkeeper & Accountant by your side, you can make the transition stress-free and compliant. 📧 Contact us today at info@cwabc.co.uk 📞 Call us on 07306 812321 Let us help you prepare for the future of tax reporting!
By Chris White December 29, 2024
Making Tax Digital: What It Means for You and How to Prepare
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